CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM LEAVES AND FLOWERS OF POROPHYLLUM RUDERALE (JACQ.) CASS. SUBSP. MACROCEPHALUM (DC.) R.R. JOHNSON “HIERBA DE GALLINAZO”

Abstract

The chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antifungal activity of the essential oil of leaves and flowers of Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass. subsp. macrocephalum (DC.) R.R. Johnson from the provinces of Jaén and San Ignacio in Cajamarca were analyzed. The chemical compounds with the highest concentration detected using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis in the essential oil were D-Limonene (62,85%), 1-Undecene (10,20%) and Caryophyllene (5,08%). Antioxidant activity methods were performed by DPPH•, ABTS•+ and FRAP; while antimicrobial and antifungal activity were performed by agar diffusion method. A TEAC of 3,0951 mg Trolox®/ g sample was obtained by the DPPH• free radical method, a TEAC of 2,6942 mg Trolox®/ g sample by the ABTS•+ cation radical method and an AAEAC of 0,774 mg Ascorbic acid/ g sample by the FRAP, indicating that the essential oil has no relevant antioxidant activity. In addition, a minimal inhibition halo was observed with respect to antimicrobial activity for the Streptococcus mutans strain and no inhibition halo was observed with respect to antifungal activity. It is known that the subspecies Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass. subsp. macrocephalum (DC.) R.R. Johnson could present some antioxidant and antimicrobial activity due to the D-limonene in its chemical composition, however, this could not be appreciated in the present study.